Software for Teaching and Learning

Root Locus, Bode Plot, Nyquist Plot, Step Response

This demonstration package addresses fundamental concepts in control systems, including contruction of root locus, transfer functions, construction of a Bode plot and deeterminiation of gain and phase margin. Nyquist plots are also illustrated. The step response is shown in a traditional format (output versus time) and via an X-Y plotter. In the X-Y display two independent positioners are animated. The horizontal positioner has dynamics and gain set by the input file and sliders. The vertical positioner has the same poles and zeros but half the gain value.

The 's-plane' display permits open-loop poles and zeros to be selected (left click). The selected pole (zero) may then be moved via the sliders. The two gain sliders adjust the forward gain (K) of the system. Open loop poles and zeros are defined in .txt files for convenient editing.These are loaded via the 'user' menu.

Each of the tab windows support various options via a (left click) popup menu. Most include a 'toggle display' option. In the root locus window, for example, the visibility initially shows the salient features of the plot which students would ascertiain during construction of the plot (breakaway points, departure angles...). Toggling the display then reveals the root locus curves. This permits students to verify their work during the plot construction and then guess the curvature prior to seeing a final result. A similar incremental type of display is used for the Bode plots.

Note in the current version of this demo, H(s) = 1.

Download Control Systems Demonstration

 

Learning Objectives

The following learning objectives are associated with the above demonstration, with supporting lecture.

Area / Learning Objective
Root Locus
Compute features of a root locus (breakaway points...)
Estimate overall curvature of root locus
Determine stability given gain and root locus
Determine limit on gain for a stable system
Find the gain associated with any point on the locus
Observe logarithmic variation of K along locus
Identify system type given root locus
Adjust gain to obtain desired performance of step response
 
Transfer Function
Find transfer function given root locus and gain setting
Identify system type given transfer function
Determine stability given transfer function
Find closed-loop transfer function given open-loop
 
Bode Plot
Find asymptotic contributions to a Bode Plot
Find overall Bode Plot curvature
Find gain margin & phase margin from a Bode Plot
 
Step Response
Predict step response based on root locus / dominant poles
Predict step response based on transfer function
 
Nyquist Plot
Find Nyquist plot given open loop transfer function
Determine stability given Nyquist plot
Determine gain and phase margin given Nyquist plot